Medically Reviewed by Thomas Batchelor, PA-C
Hammertoes, also known as contracted toes, are a common foot deformity affecting the muscles, tendons, and ligaments of the second, third, or fourth toes. This condition causes the toes to bend abnormally at the middle joint, resembling the shape of a hammer or claw.
What Are Hammertoes?
According to the American Podiatric Medical Association, hammertoes are more frequently seen in women than men. There are two types of hammertoes:
Flexible Hammertoe
A flexible hammertoe is still in the early stages of development. The toe joint remains movable, making it easier to treat with conservative methods such as footwear changes and orthotics.
Rigid Hammertoe
When left untreated, hammertoes may become rigid. In this stage, the toe joint becomes stiff due to joint misalignment and is no longer flexible. At this point, non-surgical methods are less effective, and surgical correction may be necessary.
How to Identify Hammertoes
Hammertoes are typically easy to spot due to their distinctive shape. However, additional symptoms may include:
- Pain when wearing or removing shoes
- Swelling or redness around the affected toe
- Corns or calluses from friction
- Blisters or open sores
- Restricted toe movement or stiffness
What Causes Hammertoes?
Several factors can lead to the development of hammertoes, including:
- Toe injuries such as stubbing, jamming, or fractures
- Chronic conditions like arthritis or diabetes
- Wearing poorly fitting shoes, especially those that are tight or pointy
- Aging and gender-related changes in foot structure
- Hereditary factors
- Conditions like bunions or thickened skin caused by repeated rubbing
Preventing and Treating Hammertoe Complications
Raleigh Orthopaedic’s foot and ankle specialists are trained to treat a wide range of foot conditions, including hammertoes. Early intervention can help reduce discomfort and prevent further complications.
Diagnosis and Non-Surgical Treatment
To assess the severity of the condition, your provider will typically order an X-ray. If the hammertoe is still in the developmental stage, treatment may include:
- Wearing shoes with a wider toe box and low heels
- Using hammertoe pads or custom orthotics
- Avoiding high heels or shoes that compress the toes
- Choosing footwear that is at least half an inch longer than the longest toe
At-Home Care and Prevention
In addition to medical treatment, patients can take several steps at home to prevent further problems:
- Avoid popping or scraping blisters to prevent infection
- Moisturize the feet to reduce the development of corns and calluses
- Soak feet in warm water to relax tight muscles
- Perform toe exercises to improve flexibility and strength
Trust Raleigh Orthopaedic for Expert Foot and Ankle Care
If you’re experiencing signs of hammertoes or other foot deformities, the fellowship-trained foot and ankle specialists at Raleigh Orthopaedic are here to help. Our team takes a comprehensive approach to foot care, offering timely diagnosis, personalized treatment plans, and expert surgical options when necessary.
With convenient clinic locations and a commitment to fast access to care, Raleigh Orthopaedic is your trusted partner in long-term foot and ankle health.
Schedule an Appointment with Raleigh Orthopaedic
If you’re dealing with pain, discomfort, or an injury, don’t wait to get the care you need. Our expert team at Raleigh Orthopaedic is here to help you feel better, move better, and get back to doing what you love. Schedule an appointment online or call us at 919-781-5600 to be seen—often within 48 hours. For immediate care, we offer walk-in orthopedic urgent care services. Click here for hours and locations.
Disclaimer: The information on this site is for general informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. It should not be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis, treatment, or medical judgment. Always consult a physician or qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have about a medical condition or treatment.